bypass operation - vertaling naar Engels
![surgeon]] on the right) is the venous cannula (receives blood from the body). The patient's [[heart]] is stopped and the [[aorta]] is cross-clamped. The patient's head (not seen) is at the bottom.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Coronary artery bypass surgery Image 657B-PH.jpg?width=200 "surgeon]] on the right) is the venous cannula (receives blood from the body). The patient's [[heart]] is stopped and the [[aorta]] is cross-clamped. The patient's head (not seen) is at the bottom.")
![saphenous vein]] grafts – one to the right coronary artery system and one to the obtuse marginal system.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heart saphenous coronary grafts.jpg?width=200 "saphenous vein]] grafts – one to the right coronary artery system and one to the obtuse marginal system.")
Ex: Patients who are given the bypass operation "to prolong life" fall into four major groups, only one of which has ever been shown to gain the promised result of such surgery.
Ex: This study describes the influence of aerobic training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of 31 coronary artery disease patients who had undergone bypass surgery.
Definitie
Wikipedia
Coronary artery bypass surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, pronounced "cabbage") is a surgical procedure to treat coronary artery disease (CAD), the buildup of plaques in the arteries of the heart. It can relieve chest pain caused by CAD, slow the progression of CAD, and increase life expectancy. It aims to bypass narrowings in heart arteries by using arteries or veins harvested from other parts of the body, thus restoring adequate blood supply to the previously ischemic (deprived of blood) heart.
There are two main approaches. The first uses a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, a machine which takes over the functions of the heart and lungs during surgery by circulating blood and oxygen. With the heart in arrest, harvested arteries and veins are used to connect across problematic regions—a construction known as surgical anastomosis. In the second approach, called the off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG), these anastomoses are constructed while the heart is still beating. The anastomosis supplying the left anterior descending branch is the most significant one and usually, the left internal mammary artery is harvested for use. Other commonly employed sources are the right internal mammary artery, the radial artery, and the great saphenous vein.
Effective ways to treat chest pain (specifically, angina, a common symptom of CAD) have been sought since the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1960s, CABG was introduced in its modern form and has since become the main treatment for significant CAD. Significant complications of the operation include bleeding, heart problems (heart attack, arrhythmias), stroke, infections (often pneumonia) and injury to the kidneys.
